For Comparative Criminologists, __________ Create the Biggest Problem in Reporting

question 38

Multiple Choice

For comparative criminologists, __________ create the biggest problem in reporting crime.

• A) diverse crime-reporting practices.
• B) economic influences on the reporting of crime statistics to international agencies.
• C) definitional differences.
• D) social and political contexts that are reflected in crime statistics.

Recognize the effects of experimenter expectancy and placebo effects on research outcomes.

Understand the concept of replication in research for validating findings.

Identify the methods to control for confounding variables and participant differences in experimental designs.

Understand the effects of sampling bias and its impact on the generalizability of research findings.

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Definitions:

Fetus

A developing human from roughly ten weeks after conception until birth, during which period major bodily structures and organs form.

Defects

Flaws or imperfections in an object, system, or process that can lead to suboptimal performance or failures.

Zygote

The initial cell formed when a new organism is produced by the union of sperm and egg cells, marking the beginning of human development.

Embryo

An early stage of development in multicellular organisms, in humans, it refers to the period from fertilization until the end of the eighth week of gestation.