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If the elasticity of demand curve for barley is -1.50 at all prices higher than the current price, we would expect that when bad weather reduces the size of the barley crop, total revenue of barley producers will fall.
Operant Behavior
A concept in behavioral psychology referring to behavior that is controlled or influenced by its consequences, including rewards and punishments.
Primary Reinforcer
A stimulus that satisfies basic survival instincts such as food, water, and warmth, and doesn't require learning to become effective.
Conditioned Reinforcer
a stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through association with a primary reinforcer, used to increase the likelihood of a specific response in operant conditioning.
Reinforcing Power
The ability of a stimulus to increase the likelihood of the repetition of a behavior when it is presented following that behavior.
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