Instruction 11-9
a Campus Researcher Wanted to Investigate the Factors

question 61

Multiple Choice

Instruction 11-9
A campus researcher wanted to investigate the factors that affect visitor travel time in a complex, multilevel building on campus. Specifically, he wanted to determine whether different building signs (building maps versus wall signage) affect the total amount of time visitors require to reach their destination and whether that time depends on whether the starting location is inside or outside the building. Three subjects were assigned to each of the combinations of signs and starting locations, and travel time in seconds from beginning to destination was recorded. An Excel output of the appropriate analysis is given below:
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | } \hline \text { ANONA } & & & & & & \\\hline \begin{array} { l } \text { Source of } \\\text { Vartation }\end{array} & { SS } & d f & \text { MS } & F & \rho { \text {-value } } & \text { F crit } \\\hline \text { Signs } & 14008.33 & & 14008.33 & & 0.11267 & 5.317645 \\\hline \begin{array} { l } \text { Starting } \\\text { Location }\end{array} & 12288 & & & 2.784395 & 0.13374 & 5.317645 \\\hline\end{array}$$
-Referring to Instruction 11-9,the within degrees of freedom is

• A) 1.
• B) 11.
• C) 4.
• D) 8.

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Definitions:

Sum of Squares

A statistical measure that quantifies the total deviation of each observation from the mean, used in variance and standard deviation calculations.

Regression

A statistical method used to determine the strength and character of the relationship between one dependent variable and one or more independent variables.

Coefficient of Determination

A measure in statistics that indicates the proportion of the variance in the dependent variable predictable from the independent variable(s).

Coefficient of Determination

A statistical measure that quantifies the proportion of the variance in the dependent variable predictable from the independent variable(s), often represented as \(R^2\).