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Describe how a lender can lose from inflation if the inflation is unanticipated and the loan is a fixed-interest-rate loan. How would a variable-interest-rate loan (one that adjusts over the contract period)eliminate these losses?
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Fear-evoking Stimuli
Objects, events, or situations that trigger a fear response in an organism, often leading to avoidance behaviors or psychological stress.
Reinforcers
In behavioral psychology, stimuli that increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated, can be positive or negative.
Immediate Reinforcers
Rewards or consequences that follow directly and promptly after a behavior, increasing the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated.
Primary Reinforcer
A directly rewarding stimulus that satisfies basic biological needs, such as food or water.
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