An Alpha Particle Is a Nucleus of Helium

question 37

Multiple Choice

An alpha particle is a nucleus of helium.It has twice the charge and four times the mass of the proton.When they were very far away from each other,but headed toward directly each other,a proton and an alpha particle each had an initial speed of 0.0030c,where c is the speed of light.What is their distance of closest approach? Hint: There are two conserved quantities.Make use of both of them.(c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,k = 1/4πε₀ = 8.99 × 10⁹ N • m²/C²,e = 1.60 × 10^-19 C,m_proton = 1.67 × 10^-27 • kg)

• A) 2.1 × 10^-13 m
• B) 3.3 × 10^-13 m
• C) 2.6 × 10^-13 m
• D) 2.9 × 10^-13 m

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Definitions:

Economic Profits

Profits calculated by subtracting both explicit and implicit costs from total revenues; also known as supernormal profits.

Implicit Costs

Costs that represent the opportunity costs of using resources owned by the firm for its own production rather than selling those resources.

Economic Profit

The difference between total revenue and the total cost of inputs (including opportunity costs), reflecting the additional gain from business operations beyond breaking even.

Economic Loss

The decrease in financial value or resources due to an event, action, or inaction, encompassing factors such as direct, indirect, and opportunity costs.