Examlex
Retained earnings are the difference between the value of newly issued stock and its par value.
Productivity
The efficiency with which input resources are converted into outputs, often measured as the ratio of output to input in a given time period.
Law of Diminishing Returns
The principle that as investment in a single factor of production increases, holding all others constant, the incremental gains in output will eventually decrease.
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
states that as a person consumes more of a good or service, the utility (satisfaction) gained from each additional unit decreases.
Principal-agent Problem
A dilemma occurring when one person or entity (the agent), is able to make decisions on behalf of, or that impact, another person or entity: the principal.
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