The Ideal Database for Estimating Cost Functions Has Two Characteristics

question 99

Essay

The ideal database for estimating cost functions has two characteristics:
1. It contains at least 31 reliably measured observations of the predictor variable and the outcome variable.
2. It includes values for the predictor variable over a wide range.
Unfortunately, management accountants rarely have the advantage of working with a database that has both characteristics.
Required:
Following are a list of data problems that may be encountered. Select three, then for each selection describe the describe the cause/effect of the problem and provide a remedy.
1. The time period for measuring the outcome variable does not match the period for measuring the predictor variable.
2. Fixed costs are allocated as if they were variable.
3. Data are either unavailable for all observations or not uniformly available.
4. Extreme values of observations, or outliers, occur when recording costs.
5. There is no causal, economically plausible relationship between the individual cost items in a heterogeneous mixed pool and a single cost driver.
6. Inflation affects the outcome variable, the predictor variable(s), or both.

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Definitions:

Polygenetic

Relating to the contribution of multiple genes in the determination of a particular trait or characteristic, often resulting in a wide spectrum of possible outcomes.

Intelligence

The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.

Family-Environment Effect

This refers to the impact that the immediate family environment has on an individual's development, including their behaviors, attitudes, and emotional well-being.

College Aptitude

is a measure of a student's ability to perform and succeed in college-level education, often assessed through standardized tests.