For Each of the Following Activities, Characteristics, and Applications, Tell

question 49

Essay

For each of the following activities, characteristics, and applications, tell whether they are primarily labelled as being found in a centralized organization, a decentralized organization, or both types of organizations.
a. Freedom for managers at lower organizational levels to make decisions.
b. Gathering information may be very expensive.
c. Greater responsiveness to user needs.
d. Have few interdependencies among divisions.
e. Maximum constraints and minimum freedom for managers at lowest levels.
f. Maximization of benefits over costs.
g. Minimization of duplicate functions.
h. Minimum of sub optimization.
i. Multiple responsibility centres with various reporting units.
j. Profit centres

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Definitions:

Government Surplus

A situation where the government's income, mainly from taxes, exceeds its expenditures within a specific timeframe, indicating fiscal health.

Monetary Growth

This refers to the increase in the amount of money in an economy over time, which can influence inflation and economic activity.

Q

Output, or number of goods and services produced during the current year.

Inflationary Recessions

Economic periods characterized by slowing growth (recession) coupled with rising prices (inflation), presenting a challenging scenario for policy makers.