Uncontrollable External Factors Can Create Challenges in Measuring the Results

question 71

Multiple Choice

Uncontrollable external factors can create challenges in measuring the results for which managers should be held responsible. Which of the following is the best example of an uncontrollable external factor for a manager who oversees all of the operations for a business?

• A) Production volumes were above normal levels so that overtime was paid to direct labor employees
• B) Poor quality direct materials were purchased so more materials than usual were required in the manufacturing process
• C) Raw materials prices changed because of a change in environmental laws.
• D) Utilities costs were higher than normal even though weather and usage were typical for that time of year

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Definitions:

Projection

An ego defense mechanism whereby individuals attribute to other people characteristics or impulses they do not wish to acknowledge in themselves.

Defecating

The act of expelling feces from the body's large intestine through the anus.

Ego Ideal

A component of the personality comprising the standards and aspirations for behaviors that one strives to achieve.

Id

in Freudian psychoanalysis, it represents the part of the human psyche that is unconscious and contains the basic drives and instinctual desires.