The Following Table Shows the Results of a Study on Smoking

question 16

Essay

The following table shows the results of a study on smoking and three illnesses. We are interested in determining if the proportions smokers in the three categories are different from each other.
a.Provide the null and the alternative hypotheses.
b.Determine the expected frequencies.
c.Compute the sample proportions.
d.Compute the critical values (CV_ij).
e.Give your conclusions by providing numerical reasoning.

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Definitions:

Vertical Analysis

A method of financial statement analysis in which each entry on a single financial statement is listed as a percentage of another item, typically used to assess relative changes over time within the statement.

Base Year

A specific year or period chosen as a reference point for financial or economic data analysis.

Percent Change

A mathematical calculation that indicates the degree of change over time, represented as a percentage.

Sales

Sales represent the transactions involving the exchange of goods or services for money, reflecting the primary revenue-generating activities of a business.