Vertigo, Inc

question 53

Multiple Choice

Vertigo, Inc., has a 2012 net § 1231 loss of $64,000 and had a $32,000 net § 1231 gain in 2011.For 2012, Vertigo's net § 1231 loss is treated as:

• A)Ordinary loss.
• B)Ordinary gain.
• C)Capital loss.
• D)Capital gain.
• E)None of the above.

---

Definitions:

Quantity of Reinforcement

The amount of reinforcement provided or required to modify or sustain a behavior.

Bolles

Bolles typically references Robert C. Bolles, a psychologist known for his research in learning, motivation, and fear. He proposed the theory of Species-Specific Defense Reactions (SSDRs), explaining how organisms respond to threatening stimuli.

Little Albert

Refers to a famous psychological experiment by John Watson, demonstrating how phobias can be conditioned in humans.

UCS

An acronym for Unconditioned Stimulus, which in classical conditioning is a stimulus that naturally triggers a response without the need for prior learning.