As a Result of the Enlightenment in Europe and North

question 29

Multiple Choice

As a result of the Enlightenment in Europe and North America,

• A) Philippe Pinel demanded humane treatment of asylum patients.
• B) William Tuke advocated for the development of mental hospitals.
• C) Benjamin Rush promoted the use of moral therapy.
• D) All of the above

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Definitions:

Self-Improvement

The process of enhancing one's knowledge, status, character, or well-being through personal efforts and positive thinking.

Defensive Pessimists

Individuals who employ a strategy of setting low expectations and mentally preparing for negative outcomes to manage anxiety and perform well.

Defensive Optimists

Individuals who manage their anxiety about achieving goals by setting lower expectations, yet remain motivated to achieve success.

Reverse Optimists

Individuals who tend to anticipate negative outcomes instead of positive ones, which can affect their decision-making and risk assessment.