DrWelsh Is Doing Experiments Using Drugs

question 7

Multiple Choice

Dr.Welsh is doing experiments using drugs.He is concerned that his subjects will respond to demand characteristics.He may want to control for this by using which of the following?

• A)stratification
• B)two independent variables
• C)a placebo
• D)randomization

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Definitions:

Fixed-Interval

A reinforcement schedule in which the first reaction is reinforced after a predetermined period, resulting in a patterned series of responses.

Variable-Interval

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed.

Fixed-Ratio

In the context of reinforcement learning, it describes a schedule where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses have occurred, leading to a high, steady rate of responding.

Variable-Ratio

A reinforcement schedule in which the number of responses required for a reward varies around an average, making the reinforcement unpredictable and typically leading to high and stable response rates.