The Goals One Has for the Outcome of a Conflict

question 19

True/False

The goals one has for the outcome of a conflict prior to actively engaging in it are called "prospective" goals.

Understand the advantages and disadvantages of pretest-posttest designs.

Demonstrate knowledge of counterbalancing techniques to control for order effects.

Distinguish between different experimental designs (independent groups, repeated measures, pretest-posttest).

Explain the concept of carryover effects and how they can influence research outcomes.

---

Definitions:

Activation-Synthesis

A theory of dreaming that suggests dreams are the result of the cerebral cortex interpreting random signals from the lower brain during REM sleep.

Reticular Formation

A network of neurons in the brainstem that's involved in arousal, wakefulness, and transmitting sensory information to the brain.

REM Sleep

Sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, EEG patterns similar to wakefulness, speeded heart rate and respiration, near-paralysis of skeletal muscles, and highly visual dreams.

Rapid Eye Movements

Quick, jerky movements of the eyes that occur during certain stages of sleep, especially REM sleep, associated with dreaming.