Examlex
A letter ruling applies only to the taxpayer who asks for and obtains a letter ruling.
Projection
A defense mechanism where an individual ascribes their own unwanted thoughts, feelings, or motives to another person.
Classical Conditioning
A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.
Pavlov's Dogs
An experiment by Ivan Pavlov demonstrating classical conditioning through the use of dogs, bells, and food, showing how associative learning works.
Little Albert
The subject of a famous psychology experiment by John B. Watson, demonstrating that emotional responses can be conditioned in humans.
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