Which of the Following Statements Is CORRECT

question 73

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

• A) A change in the personal tax rate should not affect firms' capital structure decisions.
• B) "Business risk" is differentiated from "financial risk" by the fact that financial risk reflects only the use of debt, while business risk reflects both the use of debt and such factors as sales variability, cost variability, and operating leverage.
• C) The optimal capital structure is the one that simultaneously (1) maximizes the price of the firm's stock, (2) minimizes its WACC, and (3) maximizes its EPS.
• D) If changes in the bankruptcy code make bankruptcy less costly to corporations, then this would likely reduce the debt ratio of the average corporation.
• E) If corporate tax rates were decreased while other things were held constant, and if the Modigliani-Miller tax-adjusted tradeoff theory of capital structure were correct, this would tend to cause corporations to decrease their use of debt.

Understand how to calculate direct labor variance, including labor rate and time variance.

Interpret the significance of favorable and unfavorable variances in labor and material costs.

Distinguish between variable, fixed, and total factory overhead variances.

Apply concepts of factory overhead variances to real data, including fixed overhead volume and controllable variances.

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Definitions:

Activity Rates

The charges or costs applied to specific activities or cost drivers in activity-based costing.

Activity-Based Costing

A costing method that assigns overhead and indirect costs to specific products or projects based on their activity levels.

Overhead Cost

Expenses that are not directly attributed to creating a product or service but are necessary for running the business, such as rent, utilities, and office supplies.

Products

Items or goods that are manufactured or refined for sale.