A Psychologist Discovers a Correlation Between Parents Who Smoke Cigarettes

question 431

Multiple Choice

A psychologist discovers a correlation between parents who smoke cigarettes and juvenile delinquency in their children. We can conclude that

• A)parental smoking causes juvenile delinquency.
• B)juvenile delinquents drive their parents to take up smoking.
• C)both parental smoking and juvenile delinquency are caused by a third factor, such as socioeconomic status.
• D)parental smoking and juvenile delinquency are related, but no causal relationship has been established.

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Hard-Line Approach

A strict and uncompromising method employed in various contexts, such as policy enforcement or negotiations, emphasizing firmness and a refusal to yield.

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