A Child Is Told a Story Using Two Dolls Named

question 251

Multiple Choice

A child is told a story using two dolls named Sally and Anne. Sally has a basket, while Anne has a box. The experimenter then explains that Sally puts a coin in her basket and goes out to play. In the meantime, Anne takes the coin from Sally's basket and puts it into her box. Sally comes back inside and looks for the coin. The experimenter asks the child "Where will Sally look for her coin?" In order for a child to answer this false-belief task correctly and show that he or she has developed theory of mind, the child must understand that

• A)Sally's point of view did not include what the child saw.
• B)Anne's point of view did not include what the child saw.
• C)Anne showed dishonesty in taking Sally's coin.
• D)Sally had forgotten where she had put the coin.

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Definitions:

Dependent Variables

Variables in experimental research that are expected to change as a result of manipulation of independent variables; they are the outcomes measured by the researcher.

Independent Variables

In an experiment, the variable that is manipulated or altered to examine its effect on a dependent variable.

Demand Characteristics

The cues in a study that might tell a research participant what behaviors are expected or desirable in that setting.

Confounds

Factors in an experiment that could undermine the ability to draw accurate conclusions by affecting the dependent variable in ways not accounted for by the independent variable.