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A researcher discovers two drugs that lower anxiety in agitated patients.However,one drug consistently lowers anxiety by moderate amounts,whereas the second sometimes lowers it by large amounts,sometimes has no effect,or may even increase anxiety in some patients.Although there is not an overall difference in the average (mean) amount of anxiety reduction,an important difference does exist between the two drugs.This difference would best be shown by using
Unobservable Actions
Actions taken by individuals or entities that cannot be directly observed or monitored, often leading to issues of information asymmetry.
Moral Hazard
A situation in insurance and economics where one party is more likely to take risks because they do not bear the full consequences of their actions, often due to asymmetric information.
Transaction
An exchange or transfer of goods, services, or funds between two or more parties.
Benefit
An advantage or positive outcome gained from something, often used in the context of employment perks or features of a product or service.
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