The Rate of Change Is Not Identical for All Genes

question 37

Essay

The rate of change is not identical for all genes.The following graph shows the rate of change of four hypothetical human proteins (A-D).Use this graph to answer the following questions.

a)Which of the proteins is changing at the fastest rate?
b)Which protein is most conserved?
c)Which evolutionary force (drift,selection,or migration)plays the biggest role in causing the observed difference in the rate of change between proteins A-D?
d)If you do Southern hybridization to determine if the genes encoding each of these human proteins (A-D)also exist in rice,which would give the strongest hybridization signal? Justify your answer.
e)If you were going to use one of the proteins to build a phylogenetic tree of various mammalian species (which diverged during the last 50 million years),which protein sequence would be most useful? Justify your answer.
f)If you were going to use one of the proteins to build a phylogenetic tree of various plant species (which diverged during the past 500 million years),which protein sequence would be most useful? Justify your answer.
g)If you were going to use one of the proteins to build a phylogenetic tree of a mixture of plant and animal species (which diverged 1200 million years ago),which protein sequence would be most useful? Justify your answer.

---

Definitions:

Cash Outflows

Money or cash disbursed by the business for various purposes, such as paying expenses, investing in assets, or repaying debts.

Cash Inflows

Money received by a business from its various activities, including sales, financing, and investments.

Discounting

The process of determining the present value of a payment or a stream of payments that is to be received in the future.

Future Amount

The projected value of a current asset or amount of money at a specified future date, taking into account factors like interest or growth rates.