Measures of Poverty (For Example, the Poverty Line)and the Distribution

question 200

Multiple Choice

Measures of poverty (for example, the poverty line) and the distribution of income (for example, the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient) are misleading for which of the following two reasons?

• A)First, these measures do not take into account income mobility over time. Second, these measures ignore the effects of government programs meant to reduce poverty.
• B)First, none of these measures are adjusted for inflation. Second, they do not measure income on a per capita basis.
• C)First, these measures fail to include the income U.S. citizens earn working for foreign firms that have operations located in the United States. Second, these measures fail to include income foreign citizens earn working for U.S. firms that have operations in foreign countries.
• D)First, these measures fail to include dividend and interest income earned on stocks and bonds. Second, these measures fail to include the value of goods and services citizens make for their own consumption that are not sold in markets.

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Definitions:

Aquatic Environments

Natural water bodies like rivers, lakes, and oceans that are habitats for a wide range of organisms.

Gas Exchange

The biological process through which different gases (like oxygen and carbon dioxide) are transferred in opposite directions across an organism's respiratory membranes.

Pulmonary Surfactant

A complex mixture of lipids and proteins secreted by cells in the lungs, reducing surface tension and preventing the collapse of alveoli at the end of expiration.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange between the air and blood takes place.