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The stress response is composed of two parallel pathways, which are illustrated here. Label the four blank components of these pathways.
Natural Log
The logarithm to the base e, where e is an irrational constant approximately equal to 2.71828, often used in mathematics, physics, and engineering.
Risk Averter
An individual who prefers outcomes that are certain over those with any level of risk, usually willing to accept lower returns to avoid uncertainty.
Expected Value
A calculated average outcome of a random variable, considering all possible outcomes and their probabilities.
Natural Log
A logarithm to the base e (where e is approximately 2.71828), used extensively in mathematical, economic, and scientific applications.
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