Which of the Following Best Describes Kohlberg's Pre-Conventional Level of Moral

question 86

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes Kohlberg's pre-conventional level of moral reasoning?

• A) Moral reasoning is based on the individual's own independent judgments rather than on what others view as wrong or right.
• B) What is right is whatever agrees with the rules established by tradition and by authorities.
• C) Rules should be obeyed to avoid punishment from those in authority.
• D) Moral reasoning is based on perceptions of the likelihood of external rewards and punishments.

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Definitions:

Independent Variable

In research, a variable that is manipulated or changed to observe its effect on a dependent variable.

Dependent Variable

Is the presumed effect in a cause-and-effect relationship.

Temperature

A physical quantity that expresses the subjective perceptions of hot and cold, measured typically with thermometers and represented in degrees.

Laboratory Setting

A controlled environment designed for scientific experiments, research, and testing, where conditions can be manipulated to observe effects on variables.