A Researcher Wants to Study the Effects of Physical Exercise

question 53

Multiple Choice

A researcher wants to study the effects of physical exercise on depression.She randomly selects a group of 24 individuals who are equally depressed.None of these individuals currently exercises.She then randomly assigns them in one of three groups: group 1 stays without exercising (sedentary group) ,group 2 exercises once a week,and group 3 exercises two times a week.Individuals in groups 2 and 3 meet with a personal trainer so they carry out a very similar exercising program,both in kinds of exercises and in intensity.After two months,the researcher has all individuals take a depression-assessment test.The score of the test goes from 0 = totally miserable to 100 = complete satisfaction. The scores are shown in the following table:
The researcher uses a Kruskal-Wallis test and a significance level α = 0.05.The relevant number of degrees of freedom is ______.

• A) 1
• B) 2
• C) 3
• D) 23
• E) 24

---

Definitions:

Chemically Dependent

A condition wherein an individual is reliant on addictive substances or drugs for normal functioning or feeling of well-being.

Harsh Confrontation

An aggressive or intense dispute or challenge, often resulting in discomfort or conflict.

Counseling Technique

Strategies and methods employed by counselors to facilitate clients' growth, resolve issues, and achieve goals during therapy sessions.

Minimally Supervised

Refers to scenarios where guidance, oversight, or control is significantly reduced, allowing for greater individual autonomy.