A Researcher Wants to Study the Effects of Physical Exercise

question 28

Multiple Choice

A researcher wants to study the effects of physical exercise on depression.She randomly selects a group of 24 individuals who are equally depressed.None of these individuals currently exercises.She then randomly assigns them in one of three groups: group 1 stays without exercising (sedentary group) ,group 2 exercises once a week,and group 3 exercises two times a week.Individuals in groups 2 and 3 meet with a personal trainer so they carry out a very similar exercising program,both in kinds of exercises and in intensity.After two months,the researcher has all individuals take a depression-assessment test.The score of the test goes from 0 = totally miserable to 100 = complete satisfaction. The scores are shown in the following table:
The researcher uses a Kruskal-Wallis test and a significance level α = 0.05.The critical chi-square value is ______.

• A) 9.35
• B) 7.82
• C) 7.38
• D) 6.82
• E) 5.99

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Definitions:

Nature-Nurture Interactions

The dynamic interplay between genetic or biological predispositions and environmental influences on human behavior and traits.

Heredity

The genetic transmission of traits from parents to their offspring.

Home Environment

The physical and emotional atmosphere of one's dwelling place, which can significantly affect personal wellbeing and development.

Genetic Diversity

The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species, contributing to its ability to adapt and evolve.