Tim Is Doing Poorly in Math

question 13

Multiple Choice

Tim is doing poorly in math.Although he knows he's not a very good math student,it does not concern him greatly.He spends most of his time after school playing hockey,a sport at which he excels.Tim's 5th grade math teacher tries to motivate him to stay after school for tutoring,but Tim doesn't want to miss hockey practice.Furthermore,he reasons,two of his teammates have even lower marks in math than he does.Which intrapersonal process seems to be serving to enhance Tim's self-esteem?

• A)Tim's self-criticism.
• B)Tim's self-monitoring of his performance.
• C)Tim's perspective-taking skills.
• D)Tim's downward social comparison.

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Definitions:

Valence

In motivational theory, the value an individual places on the rewards of an outcome, which affects their motivation to work.

Performance

The act of carrying out an activity or fulfilling a task with a certain level of efficiency and effectiveness, often measured against pre-established standards.

Self-efficacy

An individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance achievements.

Task Performance

An individual's effectiveness in executing the duties and responsibilities that directly support the core functions of their job.