Tim Is Doing Poorly in Math

question 13

Multiple Choice

Tim is doing poorly in math.Although he knows he's not a very good math student,it does not concern him greatly.He spends most of his time after school playing hockey,a sport at which he excels.Tim's 5th grade math teacher tries to motivate him to stay after school for tutoring,but Tim doesn't want to miss hockey practice.Furthermore,he reasons,two of his teammates have even lower marks in math than he does.Which intrapersonal process seems to be serving to enhance Tim's self-esteem?

• A)Tim's self-criticism.
• B)Tim's self-monitoring of his performance.
• C)Tim's perspective-taking skills.
• D)Tim's downward social comparison.

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Definitions:

Variable-ratio Schedule

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, making it a powerful method for maintaining strong and steady response rates.

Variable-interval Schedule

A reinforcement strategy in operant conditioning where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed.

Fixed-ratio

A type of partial reinforcement where a response is rewarded only after a specified number of responses, commonly used in behavior modification programs.

Fixed-interval

A schedule of reinforcement where the first response is rewarded only after a specified amount of time.