What Is the "Phantom Effect" or "Residual Deterrence" as Named

question 49

Multiple Choice

What is the "phantom effect" or "residual deterrence" as named by criminologists?

• A)People do not commit as many crimes in highly patrolled areas.
• B)Many arrests lead to a lower crime index in a given area.
• C)Most people believe the police are present even when there is no patrol in the area
• D)none of these

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Definitions:

Intelligence Tests

Standardized assessments designed to measure human intelligence and cognitive abilities.

White Children

A demographic descriptor referring to children belonging to a racial group characterized by lighter skin tones.

Nonwhite Children

A term referring to children who do not identify as white, emphasizing the diversity in racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Crystallized Intelligence

The ability to use learned knowledge and experience.