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Exhibit 11-4
-The shift from AS to AS' in Exhibit 11-4 would occur when the actual price level is higher than expectations.
Real Wages
Wages that have been adjusted for inflation, reflecting the actual purchasing power of income earned by workers.
Industrially Advanced Nations
Countries with highly developed economies, significant industrial production, and advanced technological infrastructure.
Long-run Trend
The long-run trend refers to the general pattern or direction that an economic variable, such as GDP growth or the unemployment rate, follows over a prolonged period, smoothing out short-term fluctuations.
Real Wages
The purchasing power of wages, taking into account the effects of inflation or deflation, which reflects the actual goods and services that wages can buy.
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