​An Industrial Union Can Obtain a Wage Higher Than the Competitive

question 111

Multiple Choice

​An industrial union can obtain a wage higher than the competitive level:

• A)without any change in total employment.
• B)at the cost of a reduction in total employment.
• C)and achieve higher total employment as well.
• D)and achieve the same or higher total employment.
• E)and thus increase the quantity of labor demanded.

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Definitions:

Primary Reinforcers

Fundamental stimuli that satisfy basic biological needs, such as food, water, and air, and do not require learning to be effective.

Variable-Ratio

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable number of responses, commonly used in behavioral psychology.

Fixed-Interval

A timing-based reinforcement plan where rewards are given after a predetermined time interval upon the first response.

Fixed-Ratio

In operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule that rewards a response only after a specified number of responses.