Goodard Inc

question 147

Multiple Choice

Goodard Inc. planned to use $155 of material per unit but actually used $147 of material per unit, and planned to make 1,110 units but actually made 1,000 units.
The sales-volume variance for materials is ________.

• A) $8,000 favorable
• B) $16,170 unfavorable
• C) $17,050 unfavorable
• D) $8,000 unfavorable

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Definitions:

Neutral Stimulus

A stimulus that initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention, until it becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus through classical conditioning.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

Negative Reinforcement

Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response. (Note: negative reinforcement is not punishment.)

Latent Learning

Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.