Official Records Underestimate the True Size of Government Because They

question 24

Multiple Choice

Official records underestimate the true size of government because they ignore people working for the federal government on contracts and grants.If we include these people, along with uniformed military services and Postal Service workers, the real size of government is about

• A) 3 million
• B) 5 million
• C) 8 million
• D) 12 million
• E) 25 million

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Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

A type of operant conditioning that involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a desired behavior.

Conditional Punishment

Rendering a consequence that reduces the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future by associating it with an aversive outcome.

Primary Reinforcement

A naturally reinforcing stimulus, such as food or water, which fulfills a biological need.

Secondary Reinforcement

A process in behaviorism where a stimulus reinforces a behavior after it has been associated with a primary reinforcer, often taking the form of social approval, tokens, or money.