What Characteristics of COPD Patients Indicate That Lung Volume Reduction

question 2

Multiple Choice

What characteristics of COPD patients indicate that lung volume reduction surgery may be useful in improving the quality of life?

• A)Upper lobe disease and poor exercise tolerance
• B)Lower lobe disease and evidence of cor pulmonale
• C)Upper lobe disease and FEV1 <60% of predicted
• D)Homogenous disease and maximal treatment has shown no benefit

---

Definitions:

Tax Benefit

A reduction in tax liability offered by the government for specific expenses, investments, or other financial decisions, leading to a decrease in the total taxes paid.

Debt-Equity Ratio

A metric for evaluating a firm's financial leverage, determined by dividing its total debts by the equity held by shareholders.

Cost of Debt

The actual rate a firm incurs on its overall debt, representing the cost of acquiring funds.

Equity Risk

The risk of loss associated with fluctuations in the price of equities or stocks.