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There are two existing firms in the market for computer chips.Firm A knows how to reduce the production costs for the chip and is considering whether to adopt the innovation or not.Innovation incurs a fixed setup cost of C,while increasing the revenue.However,once the new technology is adopted,another firm,B,can adopt it with a smaller setup cost of C/2.If A innovates and B does not,A earns $20 in revenue while B earns $0.If A innovates and B does likewise,both firms earn $15 in revenue.If neither firm innovates,both earn $5.Under what condition will firm A innovate?
Closed-end Investment
An investment fund that has a fixed number of shares outstanding, typically traded on a stock exchange, unlike open-end funds that can issue unlimited shares.
NAV
Net Asset Value, the per-share value of a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund, calculated by dividing the total value of all the securities in the portfolio by the number of shares outstanding.
Premium/Discount
Refers to the amount by which the market price of a bond exceeds (premium) or is less than (discount) its face value.
Front-end Load
A sales charge or commission paid by an investor at the initial purchase of mutual fund shares, usually used to compensate brokers or sales agents.
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