Most Futures Contracts Are Closed by

question 22

Multiple Choice

Most futures contracts are closed by

• A) delivery
• B) offset
• C) exercise
• D) default
• E) none of the above

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Definitions:

Economies of Scale

The cost advantages that a business obtains due to expansion, where the average cost per unit of output decreases with increasing scale.

Diseconomies of Scale

The situation where long-run average costs start to increase as the scale of operation grows beyond a certain point, leading to increased per-unit costs.

Diminishing Returns

A principle in economics indicating that adding more of one factor of production, while holding others constant, will at some point yield lower incremental per-unit returns.

Constant Costs

Costs that remain the same in total, regardless of changes in the volume of goods or services produced.