A Psychologist Wishes to Determine Whether Short-Term Memory Scores Are

question 12

Multiple Choice

A psychologist wishes to determine whether short-term memory scores are affected by the type of medication in hyperactive children. Sixty hyperactive children (30 boys and 30 girls) were randomly assigned to receive either Cylert or Ritalin (two kinds of amphetamines that are central nervous system stimulants) . Their short-term memory was tested on a 20-point scale (where 0 = no memory and 20 = perfect memory) . $\begin{array} { c c c c c c } \hline & \text { Boys } & && { \text { Girls } } \\\hline \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } & \text { Cylert } & \text { Placebo } & \text { Ritalin } \\\hline 12 & 5 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 12 \\10 & 6 & 2 & 6 & 6 & 9 \\13 & 7 & 5 & 2 & 7 & 14 \\10 & 6 & 6 & 4 & 6 & 13 \\9 & 4 & 1 & 3 & 5 & 9 \\12 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 12 \\13 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 8 \\10 & 7 & 6 & 6 & 6 & 15 \\11 & 5 & 1 & 2 & 7 & 12 \\12 & 7 & 5 & 4 & 7 & 11 \\\hline\end{array}$
-For the girls, the results of Tukey's test for in the interaction revealed

• A)Ritalin worked best
• B)Cylert worked best
• C)The placebo worked best
• D)none of the above

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Definitions:

Oligodendrocytes

Oligodendrocytes are glial cells in the central nervous system that produce myelin, a substance crucial for the insulation of nerve fibers.

Voltage-Gated

Refers to ion channels that open or close in response to changes in membrane potential, critical for nerve impulse conduction.

Node of Ranvier

Gaps in the myelin sheath of nerve fibers where the axonal membrane is exposed, facilitating rapid signal conduction along the neuron.

Axon

The long extension of the neuron that transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body. Compare with dendrite.