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_________________ Are Nonreactive Methods of Data Gathering in Which Subjects

question 36

Short Answer

_________________ are nonreactive methods of data gathering in which subjects are not aware of being studied.


Definitions:

Seligman

Martin E.P. Seligman, a psychologist known for his work on learned helplessness and for promoting positive psychology.

Expectancy

A mental representation of event contingencies.

Causal Attribution

The process of inferring causes for observed behavior, often relating to how individuals explain their own or others' behaviors.

Seligman

Refers to Martin E. P. Seligman, a psychologist known for his work on learned helplessness, positive psychology, and wellbeing.

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