Russell's Study Compared GPA of Those Students Who Volunteered for Academic

question 8

Multiple Choice

Russell's study compared GPA of those students who volunteered for academic study skills training and those who did not elect to take the training.He found that those who had the training also had higher GPA.With which validity threat should Russell be most concerned?

• A)Maturation
• B)Instrumentation
• C)History
• D)Selection

---

Definitions:

Design Websites

The process of creating the layout, visual appearance, and usability of websites, focusing on aesthetic factors and user experience.

Desktop Publishing

The creation of documents using specialized software on a personal computer that combines text and graphics, intended for print or digital publication.

Camera-Ready Documents

Documents that are fully prepared, formatted, and ready to be printed or published without needing any additional modifications.

Communications

The process of transmitting, receiving, and processing information between entities or individuals through various modalities, including verbal, non-verbal, and written.