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Nicholas owned stock that decreased in value by $20,000 during the year, but he did not sell the stock.He earned $45,000 salary, but received only $34,000 because $11,000 in taxes were withheld.Nicholas saved $10,000 of his salary and used the remainder for personal living expenses.Nicholas's economic income for the year exceeded his gross income for tax purposes.
Average-Variable-Cost Curve
The average-variable-cost curve graphs the unit variable cost against the level of output, typically showing a U-shaped curve due to economies and diseconomies of scale.
Variable Cost
Costs that change in proportion to the level of goods or services that a business produces.
Marginal Product
The additional output that is generated by employing one more unit of a specific factor of production while holding other factors constant.
Labor
Employing human mental and physical work in generating services and manufacturing goods.
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