The Atomic Radius of Sodium Is 186 Pm and of Chlorine

question 6

Multiple Choice

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na⁺ is 102 pm and for Cl⁻ is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

• A)The inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do.
• B)The inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion.
• C)The outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do.
• D)The outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do.
• E)Monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

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