The Salts X(NO₃)₂ and Y(NO₃)₂ (Where X⁺ and Y⁺ Are

question 19

Multiple Choice

The salts X(NO₃) ₂ and Y(NO₃) ₂ (where X⁺ and Y⁺ are metal ions) are dissolved in water to give a solution which is 0.1 M in each of them. Using the K_sp values listed below, decide which aqueous reagent, if any, will definitely precipitate X⁺ before precipitating Y⁺ from solution. Given K_sp values:
XCl₂, 1 × 10^-5 YCl₂, 1 × 10^-10 X(OH) ₂, 1 × 10^-10 Y(OH) ₂, 1 × 10^-5

• A) 1 M NaCl
• B) 1 M HCl
• C) 1 M HNO₃
• D) 1 M NaOH
• E) None of the above reagents will accomplish the precipitation.

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Definitions:

Expectations Theory

A theory related to interest rates stating that the long-term interest rates are geometric averages of present and future short-term interest rates, reflecting market assumptions about future rates.

Forward Rate

The agreed-upon interest rate for a financial transaction that will occur at a future date, often used in the context of foreign exchange or interest rates.

Zero-Coupon Bonds

Bonds that do not pay periodic interest, instead being sold at a discount and maturing at face value, offering a profit at redemption.

Yield To Maturity

The total return anticipated on a bond if the bond is held until it matures, considering all payments of principal and interest at expected times.