Which, If Any, of the Following Processes Is Spontaneous Under

question 93

Multiple Choice

Which, if any, of the following processes is spontaneous under the specified conditions?

• A) H₂O(l)  H₂O(s) at 25°C
• B) CO₂(s)  CO₂(g) at 0°C
• C) 2H₂O(g)  2H₂(g) + O₂(g)
• D) C(graphite)  C(diamond) at 25°C and 1 atm pressure
• E) None of the above is spontaneous.

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Definitions:

Bicarbonate Ions

A major component of the body's pH buffering system, helping to maintain acid-base balance in blood and other fluids.

Strenuous Exercise

Physical activity that requires a significant amount of effort and energy, often leading to a substantial increase in heart rate and sweating.

Tidal Volume

The amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing without extra effort.

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal tidal inhalation.