In Empirical Research in Which a Panel of Experts Evaluated

question 85

Multiple Choice

In empirical research in which a panel of experts evaluated polygraph data,the panel rated about _________ percent of innocent people to be guilty.

• A) 10
• B) 25
• C) 33
• D) 50

---

Definitions:

Formal Operational

A stage in Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development where individuals (typically 12 years and older) gain the ability to think abstractly, reason logically, and use deductive reasoning.

Abstract Principles

Fundamental ideas or theories that are theoretical in nature and not based on specific instances.

Hypothetical Possibilities

Imagined scenarios or conditions that can be considered when reasoning or planning without necessarily having a basis in reality.

Hierarchical Classification

A system of organizing entities into a graded series of levels based on characteristics or criteria, often used in biology for the classification of organisms.