In Techland, from 1980 to 2010, Holding Technology and Human

question 218

Multiple Choice

In Techland, from 1980 to 2010, holding technology and human capital fixed, increasing physical capital per worker from $25,000 to $100,000 would have led to a doubling of real GDP per worker, from $40,000 to $80,000. However, not only did physical capital per worker increase from $25,000 to $100,000, but technological progress shifted the productivity curve upward so that real GDP per worker actually increased from $40,000 to $320,000. What was the annual growth rate of real GDP per capita in Techland?

• A) 2.0%
• B) 4.5%
• C) 7%
• D) 17.5%

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Definitions:

Average Costs

The total cost of production divided by the quantity produced, indicating the cost per unit of product or service.

Tolerances

The permitted variations in measurements or physical characteristics in the manufacturing or production of goods.

Economies of Scale

Economies of scale describe the reduction in per-unit cost that a company benefits from as it scales up production. This cost benefit is due to the fixed costs spreading over a larger number of units.

Economies of Scope

Cost advantages that enterprises obtain by producing a wide range of products, diversifying their output, and sharing production inputs.