Use the Following to Answer Question

question 84

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer question:
-(Figure: The Market for iPhones) Use Figure: The Market for iPhones.Assume that P_A is the autarky price,P_W is the world price,and D and S represent domestic demand and supply,respectively.Producer surplus in free trade equals the area:

• A)B + C.
• B)B + C + D +E.
• C)B + E.
• D)E.

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Definitions:

Reinforcement

Reinforcement in psychology is a concept in behaviorism that increases the likelihood of a response by following it with a positive stimulus or the removal of a negative one.

Partial Reinforcement Effect

The tendency for a behavior to become more resistant to extinction following intermittent reinforcement than after continuous reinforcement.

Behavioral Contrast Effect

A phenomenon observed in conditioning where the response to a conditioned stimulus changes when an alternative stimulus is presented with different reinforcement conditions.

Extinction

In behavioral psychology, the process whereby a conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears as a result of the conditioned stimulus being presented without reinforcement.