Suppose There Are 100 Studies That Failed to Demonstrate an Effect

question 70

Multiple Choice

Suppose there are 100 studies that failed to demonstrate an effect of gender on false memories, but 8 studies that showed a gender difference. One may conclude from reading the published studies there is a gender difference, but one may be incorrect due to

• A)incomplete confidence intervals.
• B)error variance.
• C)systematic variance.
• D)a phenomenon called a file drawer effect.

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Definitions:

Embryonic Development

The process by which an embryo forms and develops, involving cell division, migration, and differentiation to establish the basic plan of an organism.

Neural Crest

A population of cells in vertebrate embryos that arises from the embryonic ectoderm and migrates to form diverse cell types, including melanocytes, craniofacial cartilage, and neurons.

Organogenesis

The phase during embryonic development where organs form from the three germ layers, setting the foundation for functional body systems.

Embryonic Development

The process of development of a new organism from a single-celled zygote to a complex structure composed of multiple cells and tissues.