The Following Information Comes from the 2013 Occidental Petroleum Corporation

question 11

Essay

The following information comes from the 2013 Occidental Petroleum Corporation annual report to shareholders:
NOTE 4 INVENTORIES
Net carrying values of inventories valued under the LIFO method were approximately $205 million and $185 million at December 31,2013 and 2012,respectively.Inventories consisted of the following: ($ in millions)

The LIFO reserve indicates that inventories would have been $91 million and 101 million higher at the end of 2013 and 2012,respectively,if Occidental Petroleum had used FIFO to value its entire inventory.
Required:
If Occidental Petroleum had used FIFO to value its entire inventory how would its 2013 pre-tax income be affected?

Acknowledge the significance of timing and content in recording field notes for ethnographic research.

Comprehend the strategies for engaging with and disengaging from research subjects and settings.

Differentiate between various risks associated with ethnographic research.

Understand the key differences and purposes between action research and participant observation.

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Definitions:

Organization's Vision

A strategic declaration that describes the future state or ultimate goal an organization aims to achieve, guiding its direction and decision-making.

Functional Plans

Plans that indicate how different operations within the organization will help advance the overall strategy.

Logistics Plans

Detailed strategies for managing the flow of goods, services, and information from point of origin to point of consumption to meet customer requirements.

HR Plans

Strategic outlines developed by an organization's human resources department to recruit, train, manage, and retain employees effectively.