In a Study with a Group of Individuals Being Tested

question 3

Multiple Choice

In a study with a group of individuals being tested in a series of treatment conditions that extends over a relatively long time,it is possible that there will be systematic changes in the participants' physiology or psychology that occur during the time of the study.If these changes influence the participants' scores,causing scores at the end of the study to be different from scores at the beginning,the effect is called

• A)history.
• B)maturation.
• C)instrumentation.
• D)regression toward the mean.

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Definitions:

Persuasive Conditioning

The use of classical conditioning techniques to alter attitudes or behaviors by associating a stimulus with positive or negative feelings.

Manipulative Conditioning

Refers to using operant conditioning techniques to manipulate behavior by controlling rewards and punishments.

Preferential Conditioning

A process in learning where an organism develops a preference or aversion to a stimulus based on its associated consequences.

Conditioned Compensatory Responses

Refers to the physiological and behavioral changes that occur as a reaction to anticipatory cues for a primary unconditioned stimulus, often seen in drug tolerance and addiction studies.