In Northern Europe,increasing Use of the Heavy-Wheeled Plow Between 800

question 47

Multiple Choice

In northern Europe,increasing use of the heavy-wheeled plow between 800 and 1050 coincided with:

• A)the increasing use of horses as traction animals.
• B)rising alcohol consumption among the peasantry.
• C)fundamental changes in patterns of peasant settlement.
• D)rapidly improving road systems.
• E)the first use of oxen as traction animals.

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Definitions:

Labor Efficiency Variance

The difference between the actual labor hours used and the standard labor hours expected for the level of production achieved, indicating labor productivity.

Labor Rate Variance

The difference between the actual cost of labor and the budgeted or standard cost, indicating efficiency or inefficiency in workforce use.

November

The eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, characterized by the transition from fall to winter in many regions.

Standard Cost

A predetermined cost of manufacturing, used for budgeting and assessing performance.