Robert Johnston (1993) Tested Whether or Not an Observer Hamster

question 21

Multiple Choice

Robert Johnston (1993) tested whether or not an observer hamster could distinguish between two other hamsters, hamster A and hamster B. He used the __________ tests to measure this ability.

• A) pheromone identification
• B) preferential pheromone
• C) habituation/dishabituation
• D) pheromone discrimination

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Definitions:

DRO

Differential Reinforcement of Other behavior, a technique used in behavior therapy where reinforcement is given for any response other than a targeted undesired behavior.

Contingency Reinforcement Schedule

A plan or method in operant conditioning by which a certain behavior is reinforced based on meeting specific conditions or criteria.

Differential Reinforcement Schedule

A schedule of reinforcement in which a specific number of behaviors must occur within a specified time in order for reinforcement to occur

Variable-Ratio Schedule

A reinforcement schedule in which a response is rewarded after an unpredictable number of responses, leading to a high and steady rate of responding because the exact number varies.